Dental code D4342 is used for scaling and root planing (SRP) for one to three teeth per quadrant. This procedure is a vital treatment for periodontal disease and helps remove plaque, calculus, and bacteria from below the gumline to improve oral health.

What is D4342?

D4342 is a therapeutic periodontal treatment performed when one to three teeth in a single quadrant exhibit signs of periodontal disease, including deep pocketing, inflammation, and bone loss.

When Should D4342 Be Used?

Use D4342 when:

• One to three teeth in a given quadrant require SRP due to periodontal disease.

• The patient presents with clinical signs of periodontal disease, such as:

  • Pocket depths of 4mm or greater

  • Radiographic evidence of bone loss

  • Bleeding on probing (BOP)

• The procedure is performed to remove subgingival calculus and bacterial toxins from the root surfaces.

When NOT to Use D4342

• If four or more teeth in the quadrant need SRP – Use D4341 instead.

• For routine prophylaxis – Use D1110 (adult prophy) or D1120 (child prophy) for preventive cleanings.

• For full-mouth debridement – If only supra- and subgingival plaque removal is needed to allow for proper diagnosis, use D4355.

Billing and Insurance Considerations

• Many insurance plans require detailed documentation – Provide periodontal charting, radiographs, and clinical notes.

• Frequency limitations apply – Coverage is often limited to once every 24-36 months per quadrant.

• D4342 and prophylaxis (D1110) cannot be billed on the same day – SRP is a therapeutic procedure, not a preventive cleaning.

• Follow-up periodontal maintenance (D4910) may be required – Many plans require ongoing maintenance after SRP instead of routine cleanings.

Best Practices for Documentation

To ensure claim approval and proper treatment records:

• Document periodontal charting, including probing depths and attachment loss.

• Include intraoral photos and radiographs to demonstrate bone loss and calculus buildup.

• Clearly describe clinical findings such as inflammation, bleeding, and calculus presence.

• Justify the need for treatment by outlining how SRP will improve the patient’s periodontal health.

Conclusion

Proper use of D4342 ensures accurate reimbursement and effective periodontal care for patients needing scaling and root planing on one to three teeth per quadrant. By following documentation guidelines and verifying insurance policies, dental providers can deliver essential treatment while minimizing claim denials and billing issues.